1. Arjuna's Dilemma

Arjun Viṣhād Yog

BG 1.22

...so I may have a good look at those with whom I must fight in this great war.

यावदेतान्निरीक्षेऽहं योद्धुकामानवस्थितान्
कैर्मया सह योद्धव्यमस्मिन्रणसमुद्यमे

  • yāvadetān — as many as these

    • yāvad — as many as

    • etān — all these

  • nirīkṣhe — look upon

  • 'haṁ — I
    From aham, referring to "me" or "myself"

  • yoddhu-kāmān — to engage in battle

    • yoddhu — fight, battle

    • kāmān — engage in

  • avasthitān — arrayed

  • kairmayā — with whom I

    • kair — with whom
      From kaiḥ - with whom

    • mayā — by me

  • saha — with me, together

  • yoddhavyam — must fight
    Literally translates to "there should or must be fighting"

    • yoddh — fight, battle

    • avyam — engage in
      A suffix that expresses bhāve prayoga ("stative usage" or "passive voice"), where a verb is expressed without an object.

  • asmin — in this

  • raṇa-samudyame — great combat

    • raṇa — combat, strife

    • samudyame — undertaking, commencement

...1.20

Arjuna said: Place my chariot between the two armies

[21]

so I may have a good look at those with whom I must fight in this great war.

[22]

I wish to gaze upon those who have gathered here to please the misguided son of Dhritarashtra.

[23]

1.24...
Chapter 1, Verse 22