18. Renunciation and Surrender

Mokṣha Sanyās Yog

BG 18.18

Knowledge, the object of knowledge, and the knower are the three incentives to action. The act, the actor, and the instrument are its three constituents.

ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं परिज्ञाता त्रिविधा कर्मचोदना
करणं कर्म कर्तेति त्रिविधः कर्मसंग्रहः

  • jñānaṁ — knowledge

  • jñeyaṁ — the object of knowledge

  • parijñātā — the knower

  • tri-vidhā — three factors

    • tri

    • vidhā

  • karma-chodanā — factors that induce action

    • karma

    • chodanā

  • karaṇaṁ — the instrumens of action

  • karma — the act

  • karteti — thus the doer

    • kartā — the doer

    • iti — thus

  • tri-vidhaḥ — threefold

    • tri

    • vidhaḥ

  • karma-saṅgrahaḥ — constituents of action

    • karma — actions

    • saṅgrahaḥ — constituents

...18.12

I will now tell you the five causes that must come together for an action to be accomplished.

[13]

There is the body, the personality, the sense organs, the various kinds of activities, and cosmic destiny.

[14]

These five are the essential causes for any action a person may perform, whether by physical effort, speech, or thought, and whether the action be righteous or immoral.

[15]

Those with impure intellect regard the soul as the only agent of action - they cannot see things as they really are.

[16]

Even though they may kill living beings, one who is free from pride and attachment is neither the one who kills nor are they bound by their actions.

[17]

Knowledge, the object of knowledge, and the knower are the three incentives to action. The act, the actor, and the instrument are its three constituents.

[18]

18.19...
Chapter 18, Verse 18