Ambalika is a noteworthy character in the epic Mahabharata. She was one of the three daughters of the ruler of Kashi, and became a wife to King Vichitravirya of Hastinapur. However, her husband's untimely death led to her being a part of an ancient custom called 'niyoga', which allows a deceased man's brother to father children with his widow to ensure the family's continuity.

Under this custom, sage Vyasa fathered two sons with her, one of whom was named Pandu. Pandu later became the father to the famous Pandava brothers, the key protagonists of the Mahabharata. Therefore, Ambalika is recognized as a matriarchal figure in this great epic, with her lineage playing a central role in the story.