In Sanskrit literature, the term 'Vedas' refers to a large body of religious texts considered the oldest scriptures of Hinduism. Classically divided into four parts: Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda, and Atharvaveda - these authoritative writings serve as the foundation for Hindu philosophy, traditions, and rituals.

In the Mahabharata, often hailed as the epic of epics, Vedas are not just religious texts but the eternal truth, the essence of all knowledge. They are thought to be the breath of the eternal being or "Brahman". The Mahabharata showcases the practice of Vedic rituals and principles through different characters, with the Pandavas often performing Yajnas or sacrificial rituals as prescribed in the Vedas.

In the Bhagavad Gita, a digest of all Vedic knowledge that occurs within the Mahabharata, the Vedas' importance is viewed a bit differently. While they are respected, Lord Krishna, the speaker of the Gita, advises Arjuna (the prince of Pandava) that the wisdom of the eternal soul surpasses the ritualistic aspects of the Vedas. This promotes the relevance of inner spiritual understanding over materialistic desires and ritualistic observances.

Across these complex narratives, the Vedas are represented as ancient scriptures of knowledge, wisdom, and spirituality. Their interpretation and application vary, shaping a nuanced understanding that transcends merely religious practices to embrace philosophical depths, ethical concerns, and spiritual enlightenment.