Sattva is one of the three primary "gunas" or modes of existence described in both Mahabharata and Bhagavad Gita, two major Sanskrit texts from ancient India. The term 'gunas' refers to the innate qualities or tendencies that guide human behavior, thought and perception of reality.

In simple terms, Sattva can be translated as ‘purity’, 'goodness', or 'harmony'. It represents a state of balance, knowledge, wisdom, and tranquility. Those under the influence of Sattva are considered clear, calm, and free from obsessions or unhealthy cravings. They have a balanced mind and are motivated towards seeking greater understanding, knowledge and truth. This pursuit often extends to the spiritual domain, seeking a deeper understanding of life and the nature of existence.

Chapter 14 of the Bhagavad Gita describes Sattva in detail. It highlights Sattva as the mode responsible for illuminating and disclosing the true nature of things in the world. It binds the soul through attachment to happiness and knowledge. Though it brings clarity and stability, it still serves as a form of attachment and must be transcended for spiritual liberation.

Therefore, while Sattva is considered the highest of the three gunas, the Bhagavad Gita maintains that ultimate freedom and enlightenment come from surpassing all three gunas, including Sattva. This transcendence leads to a pure state of being beyond the constraints of the material world.